—–. 1989. Brand new Syntax and Semantics from Verb Morphology within the Progressive Aramaic: An excellent Jewish Dialect off Iraqi Kurdistan. American China Collection, 69. The brand new Retreat: American China Neighborhood.

Meehan, Charles, and you will Jacqueline Alon. 1979. The fresh new Son Whoever Tunic Caught to Him: An excellent Folktale throughout the Jewish Neo-Aramaic Dialect off Zakho (Iraqi Kurdistan). Israel Oriental Training 9:174-203.

Sabar, Yona. 1976. Lel-Huza: Facts and you can Record inside the a routine away from Lamentations on the Ninth of Ab throughout the Jewish Neo-Aramaic Dialect regarding Zakho. JSS -62.

—–. 1988. The publication regarding Exodus during the Neo-Aramaic regarding Dialect of one’s Jewish Neighborhood off Zakho [Hebrew]. Jerusalem: Magnes Press.

These half dozen binyanim off Syriac have been lower in NENA in order to two earliest groups, with a third directly allied to the second

Thomason, Sarah Gray, and you will Terrence Kaufman. 1988. Words Get in touch with, Creolization, and Genetic Linguistics. Berkeley and you can La: Univ. from California Press.

The initial group descends from the peal, the second group in the pael, together with third, whoever vocalism observe regarding next, is derived from this new afel

Other grounds complicating the trouble is the differential influences of one’s individuals co-territorial dialects. The fresh dialect differences contained in this Kurdish have become big, also to their impression is traced a number of the type certainly NENA dialects. Such as for example, this new Jewish Neo-Aramaic of Halabja, such as the Kurdish of the town, does not distinguish a gift and coming stressful, but in which Kurdish maintains for example a change, therefore do Neo-Aramaic. Within the Azerbaijan, Turkish features exerted strong affect the latest Jewish dialect (Garbell 1965b), as well as the dialects of one’s ordinary away from Mosul inform you a robust dictate out-of Arabic maybe not seen elsewhere.

Tkhuma (Tx): What off descendants off emigrants from of the partial-separate ashirets from the southern part of Chicken, today resident across the Khabur Area in the Syria. Info is out of Jacobi (1973) and you may my cards.

(5) Syriac got three basic verbal stems, the new peal, the fresh pael, together with afel. These types of was indeed extra about three passive stems, designed regarding basic of those by prefixation away from elizabeth[Theta]-: the fresh age[Theta]pael, this new e[Theta]paal, therefore the ettafal. This example can be acquired while in the NENA. In most NENA languages, verbs usually stay-in the newest verb classes in which these were utilized in prior to amounts of the vocabulary. That’s, the new descendant away from an effective Syriac peal verb was good NENA Group We verb, and you may a great Syriac pael verb could well be an effective NENA Category II verb: such as for example, Urmi ptaxa ’open’ away from before peal, and sadure ’send’ away from before pael. Yet not, into the Jewish Azerbaijani, Halabja, and maybe Koy Sanjaq, the class membership has been reorganized which is predictable to your foundation of one’s shape of the brand new base rather than their historic supply. Including, inside the Azerbaijani the brand new C stalk comes with the mode CaCoC- for sound verbs, any its provider, and you will CCaC- to have center-poor verbs: garosen ’I are pulling’, but kwasan ’I (f.) was descending’ (Garbell 1965, 64).

(11) Several other most extreme creativity inside NENA is the third individual copula which have l: ile ’he is’, ila ’she is’. This form could possibly get get (Noldeke 1868, 203) regarding i[Theta] leh ’he has’, but zero copula want it is located external NENA. The first and next person don’t possess an enthusiastic l, but inside the Jewish Azerbaijani, where the l could have been general from paradigm: Jilu iwIt ’you (masc.) are’, Aradhin we:win ’I (masc.) am’, Azerbai big’ (Garbell 1965, 64). ile is through the NENA except during the Halabja, that has -(y)e: yarxa rahamim-ye ’it is the day from mercy’. None Turoyo neither Mandaic provides variations parallel to ile: Turoyo harke-yo ’he try here’, harke-zero ’I are here’; Mandaic basim-ye ’he was charming’, basim-na ’I are charming’ (Macuch 1965, 443).

(19) The existing Aramaic word having ’son’, bra when you look at the BT, has been lengthened in most NENA except Hertevin because of the addition of your diminutive suffix -ona/-una: Azerbaijan Jewish brona (Garbell 1965, 297), Jilu bruna (Fox 1992, 51), Aradhin bru:na (Krotkoff 1982, 122), Tisqopa brona (Rubba, individual communications), Zakho brona (Meehan and you may Alon 1979, 177). However, each other Turoyo and you can Mandaic have an enthusiastic epenthetic vowel, however, no suffix: Turoyo ?abro (Jastrow 1985, 221), and you will Mandaic eber otherwise ebra (Macuch 1965, 520).

b) Occasionally, Hertevin aligns that have Turoyo, resistant to the rest of NENA. It does not have a beneficial CCaCa present demanding (6), does not have any sodir preterite (12), doesn’t have preposition ta (15) www.datingranking.net/de/crossdresser-dating-de, and you will uses ruh to form reflexive pronouns (14).

—–. 1965. The fresh new Jewish Neo-Aramaic Dialect away from Persian Azerbaijan: Linguistic Research and you can Folkloristic Texts. Janua Linguarum, collection practica 3. The fresh new Hague: Mouton.